Colson Whitehead’s The Nickel Boys is a precisely crafted novel that shows why he is a prominent voice in contemporary fiction. Following The Underground Railroad, Whitehead revisits the theme of systemic racism, yet finds a sharper, more personal focus here by centering the narrative on the claustrophobic environment of a juvenile reformatory in the 1960s in Florida.
The Pulitzer Prize (2020) it received is warranted. Whitehead dissects the brutality of the institute without using pure sensationalism. He captures the suffocating atmosphere of the Nickel Academy. It is a fictionalized version of the real-life Dozier School for Boys, which operated until the early 2000s. The descriptions of the abuse suffered by the students are drastic and leave little room for comfort.
At the center of the story is Elwood Curtis, whose idealism serves as the novel’s moral anchor. He is a dedicated follower of Martin Luther King Jr., and finds hope in the Civil Rights movement. This idealism makes his experience at the academy especially grim. While his friend Turner advises him to prioritize survival through compliance, Elwood’s refusal to abandon his principles makes him a target. Watching an optimistic character be systematically broken by the institution is a very effective way of showing the brutality and injustice of the system.
I am a bit less convinced by the plot twist following the climactic showdown when Elwood and Turner try to get away. It feels somewhat detached, just to show the long-lasting effects the Nickel Academy had on its victims.
Ultimately, The Nickel Boys is a disquieting read. By grounding the narrative in the lives of two distinct teenagers, Whitehead demonstrates how systemic racism destroys
individual lives. It is a cynical, yet necessary, look at a dark chapter of history.
Colson Whitehead, The Nickel Boys. Penguin Random House Audio 2019.
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